The GrovePi communicates with the Raspberry Pi using I2C protocol. The Raspberry Pi acts as a Master and GrovePi as slave at address 0x04. The Raspberry Pi sends commands to the GrovePi. The Grove Pi processes the commands and sends back data.
The Grove Pi can be easily integrated with the other Grove Sensors using Serial, Digital, Analog or I2C interface. The GrovePi can do time sensitive operations as well as gather data and send them to the Raspberry Pi at periodic intervals. This saves a lot of processing power on the Raspberry Pi.
The Raspberry Pi can also directly interact with the Grove Sensors using Serial and I2C interface but you will have to build the libraries to support the sensors.
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